Environmental Clean-Up Crew

Are we in danger of destroying life on the planet by continually dumping millions
of tons of polyurethane plastics into our waterways and landscapes and by enormous
oil spills in the oceans? In both cases, the problems may sound insurmountable
until we remember that our God is both the Creator and Sustainer of life and
planet earth.

Yale University students isolated a fungus in the Amazon rainforest
capable of breaking down manmade polyurethane plastics. This was the first time
an organism had been discovered that can do this. So there’s hope.

Help came from another unexpected source after two major oil spills in the
Gulf of Mexico. In June 1979 Mexico’s Ixtoc oil well exploded and spewed 30,000
barrels of oil per day for ten months. It wreaked havoc first in Mexico and
then Texas. Marine life was reduced 80% in some areas. At least one endangered
species of fish was brought to the brink of extinction. The BP oil rig that
exploded in 2010 spewed 53,000 barrels per day into the ocean, easily the worst
accidental oil spill of all time.

Though many questions about long-term effects still need answers, the doomsaying
seems highly exaggerated. Two years after the Ixtoc spill, many were surprised
at how quickly those environments returned to health. Just three decades later,
people are hard-pressed to find any evidence of the spill, and the same thing
is happening with the BP spill. It turns out that the lion’s share of the clean-up
is done by oil-eating bacteria.

God has designed bacteria with the ability to break
down certain chemicals in oil and natural gas.

Interestingly, God has designed bacteria with the ability to break down certain
chemicals in oil and natural gas that they can use for growth and reproduction.
He may have designed them directly or they may have developed an adaptation
(through mutation) that allows them to digest oil.

It seems that God already made provisions to limit the harmful impact of our
sinful and imperfect ways upon His creation.

What wonderful illustrations of the resilience of God’s creation, as well as
mankind’s opportunities to enhance it! God made bacteria that eat oil, and He
made a fungus that can digest a manmade substance, not necessarily because He
directly designed that function but because the fungus digests a natural product
that is very similar to plastic so that it can digest both products. On the
other hand, it appears that God intended for people to discover these fungal
and bacterial abilities and then cultivate them for good.

Evolutionary environmentalists bristle at these ideas because they envision
nature as extremely fragile and they caricature human dominion over nature as
wanton destruction.

The untapped potential of fungi and bacteria are just examples of how resilient
and self-correcting the Creator designed the earth’s ecosystems to be. Yet we
must interpret Genesis 1:28—God’s command for us to have dominion and subdue
creation—in light of the Creator’s heart.

Taking them in isolation, subdue and have dominion could seem
to justify abuse of the earth, but the wider context of Scripture makes that
interpretation impossible. Rather, our subduing and ruling the earth should
mirror God’s own method of bringing increasing order, vitality, fruitfulness,
and diversity to the earth.

That is, as special beings made in God’s image, we are to rule as God rules,
not abusively and destructively but lovingly and creatively. We must balance
short-term and long-term needs, like a forester who balances today’s needs for
timber with his duty to maintain a healthy forest environment for generations
to come. Effective stewardship of creation requires understanding the individual
creatures and their relationships in these ecosystems.

Romans 1:20 explains that the invisible God has illustrated His invisible qualities
in the visible creation. One of those attributes is the triune relational nature
of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Vital, healthy relationships in creation reflect
this aspect of God. God created a complex network of organisms to make life
possible on this planet, and it is humanity’s privilege as God’s appointed rulers
to understand and maximize these relationships for good.

Bacteria and fungi have a place in this scheme, too. They bridge the gap between
the nonliving and the living parts of the environment, as the fungi assist the
plants of the rainforest and the oil-eating bacteria clean the oceans.

If only we would take the Creator’s dominion mandate seriously, as He intended.
We would then focus on discovering the hidden potential that God has built into
nature, and finding how new relationships among His creatures can help us to
better care for creation and use it wisely—to His glory.

Tom Hennigan, M.S., M.P.S. is Associate Professor of
Biology at Truett-McConnell College, where he teaches
organism biology and ecology, and is a contributing writer
for the Cornwall Alliance for the Stewardship of Creation.